Gubeikou Great Wall

Introducing Gubeikou Great Wall
Great Wall at Gubeikou is a well-preserved section of the Great Wall of China. Great Wall at Gubeikou is located northeast of Beijing. As a combination of fortifications from both the Northern Qi (550-577) and Ming dynasties (1368-1644) that stretches 40 kilometers (24.85 miles), Gubeikou is a stunning testament to ancient military engineering. It is particularly noteworthy for its well-preserved Ming dynasty construction, offering visitors a compelling glimpse into the Wall’s history. Today, visitors can hike along various sections of the wall at Gubeikou, experiencing its grandeur and rich history firsthand. 

Gubeikou Great Wall Fast Facts
• AKA: Great Wall at Gubeikou
• Chinese Name: Gǔ Běi Kǒu Cháng Chéng 古北口长城
• Best Time to Visit: April, May, September and October
• Recommended Visiting Hours: Half Day
• Opening Hours: 8:30 – 16:30
• Entrance Fee: CNY45
• Address: Approx. 134 kilometers (83.2 miles) northeast of Beijing

The History of the Gubeikou Great Wall
Gubeikou has held strategic military significance since the Western Zhou dynasty (1045-771 BCE), serving as a key battleground in numerous wars. Despite its importance, the site lacked a Great Wall for centuries. It wasn’t until 556 AD, during the seventh year of the Tianbao reign of the Northern Qi dynasty (550-577), that the first wall was constructed there. Built to defend against the Turks, Xi, and Khitan peoples, this barrier stretched from Xihe Zongqinshu (northwest of Datong, Shanxi Province) eastward to Shanhaiguan. The barrier spanned over 1,500 kilometers (932 miles). Constructed of earth and stone, this initial wall was relatively low, and few remnants survive today. During the Sui (581-618) and Tang dynasties (618-907), the wall was repaired and garrisoned.

Centuries later, at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the emperors sought to strengthen their northern border. They constructed the pass fortresses of Juyongguan, Xifengkou, and Gubeikou. At Gubeikou, they also reinforced the existing fortifications with additional stonework. In 1569, Emperor Longqing further enhanced these defenses. He commissioned a new brick-faced wall, built alongside the remaining sections of the Northern Qi wall, creating the famous double wall that stands today.

What to Expect at Gubeikou Great Wall
The Gubeikou section of the Great Wall offers a unique experience: a hike through history. Walk along unrestored ramparts, feeling the rough stone beneath your feet. The wall winds across the landscape, offering stunning views and a sense of peaceful solitude.

The Ming Dynasty Great Wall
The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) Great Wall stood as the first line of defense against Mongol incursions in the north of China. This section of the Gubeikou Great Wall, considered among the most formidable and magnificent, uniquely preserves the essence of the Ming Dynasty. It stretches from west to east, encompassing Huangyugou, Wohushan, Wanshoushan, Panlongshan, Wulitou, Jinshanling, and Simatai. Along this stretch, 172 watchtowers and beacon towers punctuate the rugged landscape, their imposing forms are a testament to constant vigilance. Fourteen smoke mounds stand ready to signal approaching danger, while sixteen strategically vital passes cut through the wall. The remains of six fortified towns, three barbican gates, and numerous smaller fortifications dot the surrounding area, whispering tales of past battles and the soldiers who lived and died defending this crucial frontier. Even the three water gates, designed to control access to vital water sources, speak to the meticulous planning that went into constructing this monumental defense.

The Northern Qi Dynasty Great Wall
An earlier wall, built during the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577), lies south of the Ming Great Wall. Following the natural contours of the mountains, this older wall provided a crucial second line of defense. The Ming Dynasty reconstructed Gubeikou in 1569. Rather than demolishing the existing Qi wall, builders ingeniously incorporated it into the new fortifications, reinforcing the older structure by adding layers of bricks to its exterior. Though much of the wall was in ruins, the history and the atmosphere can still be felt.

How to Get to Gubeikou Great Wall
• The Great Wall at Gubeikou is located approx. 134 kilometers (83.2 miles) northeast of Beijing.
• Charter a car/bus from GGC to enjoy a hassle-free transfer to the Great Wall at Gubeikou.

Additional Travel Advice on Gubeikou Great Wall
• Many areas of the Great Wall are quite steep and have uneven surfaces, please wear comfortable walking shoes with a good grip.
• Please prepare enough drinking water, food and other necessary equipment if visitors want to explore the Great Wall in the evening.