Yulin Grottoes

Introducing Yulin Grottoes
Yulin Grottoes are known as Ten-Thousand-Buddha Gorge. Yulin Grottoes is a branch of the Mogao Caves art complex in Anxi County. Yulin Grottoes are located 168 kilometers (104 miles) from Dunhuang. “Yulin” derives from the elm trees along the Yulin River, dividing the caves’ cliffs. There are 43 surviving caves in the Yulin Grottoes, with a total area of 4,200 square meters of murals and over 244 polychromed sculptures of Buddha. It was listed on the UNESCO World Heritage sites as part of the Chinese Section of the Silk Road.

Yulin Grottoes Fast Facts
• AKA: Yulin Caves; Ten-Thousand-Buddha Gorge
• Chinese Name: YúLín Kū 榆林窟
• Best Time to Visit: April, May, Jun, Sept & October
• Recommended Visiting Hours: About 2 to 3 hours
• Type: Buddhism, Sculptures, Caves
• Opening Hours: 9:00 – 17:30
• Entrance Fee: CNY40
• Address: Approx. 168 km (104 miles) from Dunhuang, Gansu Province

History of Yulin Grottoes

The Yulin Grottoes originated in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534) and underwent a thousand-year construction process extending into the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912). During the relatively peaceful era from the Five Dynasties (907-960) to the early Song Dynasty (960-1279), a significant number of grottoes were carved, comprising around half of all the caves within the Yulin Grottoes. Subsequently, during the Western Xia (1038-1227) and Yuan dynasties (1271-1368), influenced by Esoteric Buddhism, 16 caves were constructed and renovated, showcasing themes seldom seen in preceding dynasties.

What to expect at Yulin Grottoes

Bearing a striking resemblance to the artworks found in the Mogao Caves, the Yulin Grottoes are often dubbed the “Sister Caves” of the Mogao Caves and exert influence both domestically and internationally. Exploring this sanctuary of art unveils a plethora of intricate and vivid murals portraying diverse subjects, including Buddha figures and sutra narratives, with particular emphasis on the Western Xia and Yuan Dynasties, showcasing a fusion of artistic traditions from the Han Chinese and various ethnic minorities, providing rare glimpses absent in the Mogao Caves.

Murals Msterpieces

Among the caves in Yulin Grottoes, three stand out for their remarkable murals, each representing distinct periods and styles. Cave No. 3, a testament to the late Western Xia Dynasty’s artistic zenith, blends Han, Tibetan, and Esoteric Buddhist elements in its murals. Notably, the portrayal of Monk Xuanzang exemplifies the period’s artistic finesse, showcasing a fusion of diverse cultural motifs. Moreover, Cave No. 25, hailing from the Tang Dynasty (618-907), captivates with its vibrant depictions of Bodhisattva figures like Vairocana Buddha and Maitreya, alongside scenes of daily life adorning its walls. The Sukhavativyuha Sutra and Maitreya Sutra add depth, depicting agricultural activities and familial interactions amidst celestial beings like heavenly kings and white elephants. Finally, Cave No. 29, a marvel from the late Western Xia Dynasty (1038-1227) , preserves exquisite murals featuring Avalokitesvara Sitting on the Moon in Water, radiating tranquility amidst celestial surroundings. The cave also hosts depictions of Thousand-Hands Avalokitesvara, further enriching its spiritual ambiance.

Together, these caves offer a glimpse into the artistic evolution and religious fervor that characterized different epochs of Chinese history, leaving an indelible mark on the cultural landscape of the Yulin Grottoes.

How to get to Yulin Grottoes
• The Yulin Grottoes is located 168 km (104 miles) away from Dunhuang.
• Charter a car/bus from GGC to enjoy a private transfer to the Yulin Grottoes.