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Mount Lushan

Introducing Mount Lushan (from wikipedia)
Mount Lu or Lushan, is situated in the northern part of Jiangxi province in Central China, and is one of the most renowned mountains in the country. The oval-shaped mountains are about 25 km long and 10 km wide, and neighbors Jiujiang city and the Yangtze River to the north, Nanchang city to the south, and Poyang Lake to the east. Its highest point is Dahanyang Peak, reaching 1,474 m above sea level, and is one of the hundreds of steep peaks that towers above a sea of clouds that encompass the mountains for almost 200 days out of the year. Mount Lu is known for its grandeur, steepness, and beauty, and is part of Lushan National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996, and a prominent tourist attraction, especially during the summer months when the weather is cooler.

Mount Lushan Fast Facts
• Chinese Name: Lu Shan 庐山
• Best Time to Visit: May to August
• Recommended Visiting Hours: About 1-2 days
• Things to Do: Photography, Hiking, Nature, Chinese Culture
• Opening Hours: 06:00-18:00
• Entrance Fee: CNY 160; CNY 130 for round trip cable; CNY 100 for sightseeing car
• Address: Lushan City, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province

What UNESCO says of Mount Lushan
Mount Lushan is located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province. The property area of Lushan National Park occupies a total area of 30,200 hectaresand its highest Peak, Hanyang Peak, is 1,474 meters above sea level. Bordered on the north by the Yangtze River and on the south by Lushan National Park, Mount Lushan presents an integral scene of river, hills and lake, the beauty of which has attracted spiritual leaders, scholars, artists and writers for over 2,000 years. More than 200 historic buildings are located in the Lushan National Park; complexes of prayer halls that have been rebuilt and extended many times to create an ongoing centre for study and religion. These include the Buddhist East Grove Temple complex begun by Huiyuan in 386 CE; the West Grove Pagoda begun around 730 CE; the Temple of Simplicity and Tranquility built during the Tang dynasty as the repository of Taoist scriptures, and the White Deer Cave Academy originally established in 940 CE and revived in the late 12th century during the Song dynasty when Zhu Xi instigated the spread of Confucius’ political and ethical teaching. This complex continued to be extended up to the 19th century to include many temples, study halls and libraries. Other important features include the stone single-span Guan Ying Bridge of 1,015 CE and more than 900 inscriptions on cliffs and stone tablets. In addition there are around 600 villas built by Chinese and foreign visitors in the late 19th and 20th centuries, when the area became a popular resort and was, during the 1930s and 40s the official Summer Capital of the Republic of China. The villas reflect various architectural fashions and are laid out within the landscape in accordance with Western planning concepts prevalent at the time.

Mount Lushan has an important place in Chinese history and culture. It is an outstanding representative of Chinese landscape culture, as well as a remarkable model of Chinese academy-based education, and a focal point for the integration of Chinese and Western cultures, once acting as the cultural center of southern China. The significant cultural developments and political events occurring over the course of Lushan’s history have influenced the course of Chinese history.

The natural beauty of Lushan is perfectly integrated with its historic buildings and features, creating a unique cultural landscape which embodies outstanding aesthetic value powerfully associated with Chinese spiritual and cultural life. Combining nature and culture, Mount Lushan represents the Chinese national spirit and epitomizes its cultural life.

What to expect at Mount Lushan
Popular attractions in Mount Lu include the Immortal Caverns, Meilu Outhouse, Five Old Man Peaks, White Deer Cavern Academy, Three Tiled Springs, Luling Lake, Lushan Hot Springs, Botanical Gardens, the Bamboo Temple, Guanyin Bridge, Peach Blossom Garden, Catholic Church of Mount Lu, and many more.

Immortal Caverns
Located at the western foot of Mount Lushan Tianchi, Immortal Caverns is a rock cave made of sand cliffs. Because of it shapes like a hand of a Buddha, it is also called Buddha Hand Cave. The cave is 7 meters high and 14 meter deep. A legend tells that Lu Dongbin, a famous Taoist of The Tang Dynasty, once lived in this cave to cultivate himself into an immortal. There is a huge rock perching on the cliff outside the cave with a pine tree grows from the crevice. People call it “Rock Pine”, which becomes a wonder of Mount Lushan.

Five Old Man Peaks
Located at the southeast of Mount Lushan, with a height of 1436 meters above the sea level. Wu Lao Peak is a sandstone peak formed in the Nanhua Period (0.8 – 0.68 billion years ago). The sandstone solidified due to heat coming through the fault. The crevice that formed in the rock collapsed after strong structural degradation. Eventually they turned into five steep overhanging rocks side by side facing Po Yang Lake, like five old men. Its beauty inspired the great Tang Dynasty poet, Li Bai(701-762AD) to compose the poem “Looking at Lushan Five Old Man Peak” praising the structure. Today the poem is still very popular.

Three Tiled Springs
There are several sightseeing spots named Three Tiled Springs in China, the most well-known one is located in Mountain Lushan Scenic area. Covered a total area of 16.5 square meters, it is regarded as the as "The First Wonder of Mount Lu". The waters fall down from the east of the Five Old Men Peak, with a total drop of 155 meters from rock to rock. The waterfall is divided into three layers, each with its own amazing scenery.

White Deer Cavern Academy
The White Deer Cavern Academy is a former school at the foot of Wulou Peak in Lushan. It was one of the Four Great Academies of China, and today it is maintained as an important landmark. The academy had its beginnings as a place for the pursuit of learning by the Tang Dynasty poet Li Bo when he was living in retirement. As Li Bo kept a white deer, he was known as the White Deer Teacher and the school premises themselves as the White Deer Grotto. In the years 937–942, when the area was under the control of the Southern Tang, a school was officially established here. And in the early years of the Northern Song dynasty, which began in 960, the school was transformed into an academy known as the White Deer Grotto Academy. In 1179–80, during the Southern Song dynasty, the academy was rebuilt and expanded by Zhu Xi, later to become the most preeminent of the neo-Confucianists. The new academy opened its doors to students and scholars in 1180. It was involved in instruction, the collection and preservation of books, religious sacrifices, the development of curricula, and lectures by famous scholars. The academy continued to flourish for eight centuries. The rules of the academy as set down by Zhu Xi had a profound and lasting influence on the subsequent development of Confucianism.

How to get to Mount Lushan
• Mount Lushan is approximately 110km away from Nanchang.
• Bullet trains from Nanchang are available to Mount Lushan (1 hour).
• Take a tourist bus from Nanchang Airport to Mt. Lushan (2 hours).
• Take a bus from Jiujiang Long-distance Bus Station to Mt. Lushan (approximately 2 to 3 hours).
• Rent a car/bus from GGC to enjoy a hassle free private transfer from hotels in Nanchang to Mount Lushan.

Additional travel advice on Mount Lushan
• The roads on the mountain are rugged, please prepare some medicine for travel sickness prevention.
• The paths and stairs are slippery, please wear comfortable hiking shoes and take care while climbing up.
• Prepare some food, drinkable water, in case no much vendors selling them on the mountain.
• Prepare warm clothes as the temperature on the mountain is lower than that at the foot of the mountain.
• It is not recommended to visit Mount Lushan on public holidays as there are crowds and traffic jams.

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